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KMID : 1024720150050020068
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Geriatric Rehabilitation
2015 Volume.5 No. 2 p.68 ~ p.73
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Anatomy and Physiology of Balance and Dizziness in Elderly Patient
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Choi Yong-Min
Im Sun
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Abstract
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Dizziness in the elderly population has a high prevalence, up to 38 percent in some studies, and could lead to increased risk of falls, functional disability and prolonged institutionalization. Postural balance is controlled by complex connections between the central nervous system, vestibular, visual and proprioception system Maintaining balance?is?a complex?process that involves the integration of sensory information regarding the position of the body relative to space and the ability to control?motor responses to control body movement. Balance also requires the integration of sensory information from vision, vestibular sense, proprioception, muscle strength and reaction time. Among these, the vestibular system is one of the key factors in coordinating and maintaining balance. Aging can lead to increased incidence of disorders within the vestibular system to result in balance problems in the elderly. Good balance is an imperative skill for living and mobility. Its deterioration is associated with falls and fall related injuries, especially in the elderly. With increased age, there is a progressive loss of functioning of these systems which can contribute to balance deficits. Therefore it is important to understand the age related changes in the functional neuroanatomy and physiology to approach these patients. This review article will describe on the epidemiology, pathophysiology, and functional anatomy associated in the elderly population.
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KEYWORD
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Aging, Postural balance, Vestibular diseases
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Listed journal information
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